Driving abroad · 29 countries covered

International Driving Guide 2026

Can you use your home driving license abroad? When do you need an International Driving Permit? Which side of the road? Alcohol limits? All answered — country by country.

28

Countries covered

IDP

Permit guide included

$20

Cost of a US IDP (AAA)

Free

This tool

What Is an International Driving Permit?

An IDP is an official document that translates your driving license into 12 languages. It is not a stand-alone license — you must always carry your original license alongside it. Think of it as a passport for your driving license.

USA / Canada

  • AAA or AATA (USA) — ~$20
  • CAA (Canada) — ~$25 CAD
  • Walk-in or mail-in application
  • Passport photos required (2×)
  • Valid 1 year from issue date

United Kingdom

  • Through a Post Office branch
  • ~£5.50 (very affordable)
  • Available same-day
  • Bring your driving license
  • Valid for 12 months

Australia / NZ

  • NRMA, RACQ, RACV (AU)
  • AA (New Zealand)
  • ~AUD $39 / NZD $20
  • Submit form + license copy
  • Takes 2–5 business days

Important: You cannot obtain an IDP abroad — it must be issued in your country of residence before you travel. Always carry BOTH your IDP and your original driving license at the same time.

Country-by-Country Rules

Search for your destination below. Always verify requirements with the rental company and official government sources before you travel.

France→ RIGHT
IDP RecommendedAlcohol: 0.05%

Required for non-EU outside 1 yr

Germany→ RIGHT
IDP RecommendedAlcohol: 0.05%

IDP + German translation sometimes required

Italy→ RIGHT
IDP RequiredAlcohol: 0.05%

US/AU/CA must carry IDP

Spain→ RIGHT
IDP RecommendedAlcohol: 0.05%

IDP recommended after 6 months

Portugal→ RIGHT
IDP RecommendedAlcohol: 0.05%

English license usually accepted

Greece→ RIGHT
IDP RecommendedAlcohol: 0.05%

IDP required for US/AU/CA renters

Croatia→ RIGHT
IDP RecommendedAlcohol: 0.05%

English license widely accepted

United Kingdom← LEFT
No IDP NeededAlcohol: 0.08% (Eng/Wales)

Most licenses valid; NI limit is 0.05%

Ireland← LEFT
No IDP NeededAlcohol: 0.05%

US license valid 12 months

Japan← LEFT
IDP RequiredAlcohol: 0.03%

Geneva 1949 IDP only; Japan AA issues them

Australia← LEFT
IDP RecommendedAlcohol: 0.05%

English license OK; IDP + translation otherwise

New Zealand← LEFT
IDP RecommendedAlcohol: 0.05%

IDP required after 1 year

Thailand← LEFT
IDP RequiredAlcohol: 0.05%

Technically required; heavily enforced at tourist areas

Indonesia (Bali)← LEFT
IDP RequiredAlcohol: 0.00%

Strict enforcement; scooter = Indonesian license

Vietnam→ RIGHT
IDP RequiredAlcohol: 0.00%

Hard to get valid permit; most tourists use taxis

India← LEFT
IDP RequiredAlcohol: 0.03%

Indian traffic is challenging; hiring a driver is popular

USA→ RIGHT
Varies by StateAlcohol: 0.08%

IDP useful for state ID checks; some states require it

Canada→ RIGHT
IDP RecommendedAlcohol: 0.08%

IDP useful in Quebec (French road signs)

Mexico→ RIGHT
IDP RecommendedAlcohol: 0.08%

US license fine; IDP for rural areas

Brazil→ RIGHT
IDP RequiredAlcohol: 0.00%

Zero tolerance for alcohol; IDP mandatory

Argentina→ RIGHT
IDP RecommendedAlcohol: 0.05%

IDP recommended for non-Spanish documents

South Africa← LEFT
IDP RecommendedAlcohol: 0.05%

English license OK for tourists; IDP for long stays

Morocco→ RIGHT
IDP RecommendedAlcohol: 0.10%

IDP not required but recommended for rural areas

UAE / Dubai→ RIGHT
IDP RequiredAlcohol: 0.00%

GCC + some nationalities exempt; check before going

Türkiye→ RIGHT
IDP RecommendedAlcohol: 0.05%

IDP required after 3 months

Jordan→ RIGHT
IDP RequiredAlcohol: N/A

Mostly used for Wadi Rum / Petra road trips

Iceland→ RIGHT
No IDP NeededAlcohol: 0.05%

F-road 4WDs require 4WD license, not IDP

Norway→ RIGHT
No IDP NeededAlcohol: 0.02%

Strictest alcohol limit in Europe

Switzerland→ RIGHT
No IDP NeededAlcohol: 0.05%

After 1 year, IDP + Swiss conversion required

IDP RequiredIDP Required — you cannot legally drive without one
IDP RecommendedIDP Recommended — police may ask for it
No IDP NeededNo IDP Needed — home license accepted

Car Rental Tips for International Travelers

Renting a car abroad is straightforward when you know what to watch for. These 8 tips will save you money and stress.

Book online before you travel

Rates are often 30–60% cheaper booked in advance through comparison sites (Kayak, Rentalcars.com) vs. walking up at the desk.

Decline the rental car CDW — carefully

If your travel credit card includes collision damage waiver (CDW), you can skip the rental desk's expensive policy. Call your card issuer to verify before you travel.

Inspect the car on pickup — document everything

Walk around the car, photograph every scratch, and make sure existing damage is marked on the rental agreement before you drive away.

Avoid airport rental surcharges

Picking up a rental from an off-airport location (a few minutes by shuttle) can save 20–40% due to airport concession fees.

Fill up fuel yourself before return

Rental companies charge 2–4× market rate for fuel if they refill for you. Find a gas station before dropping off.

Know what's included in your country

Some countries include mandatory insurance, road taxes, or environmental stickers (Germany's Umweltplakette, France's Crit'Air). Check the rental contract.

Electric rental cars in Europe

EVs are widely available in Western Europe. Charge cards like IONITY or a network adapter are often provided — ask at pickup.

One-way rentals need pre-approval

Dropping a car in a different country often costs €100–300 extra and isn't allowed by all rental companies. Confirm before booking.

Key Driving Laws That Differ Abroad

Speed limits

Always check the host country's limits. USA: 25–70 mph depending on zone. Europe: typically 50 km/h urban, 80–100 km/h rural, 130 km/h motorway. Japan: 60 km/h urban, 100 km/h expressway.

Phone use

Illegal to hold a phone while driving in virtually every country. Hands-free (mounted GPS/phone) is usually legal but check local rules. Fines range from $50 in some US states to €500+ in France.

Toll roads

Many countries use electronic tolls (France, Italy, Portugal, Australia). Some require a transponder or charge accounts — your rental company will often handle tolls for a fee, or you pay afterward. Switzerland and Austria require vignette stickers.

Child seats

Children under certain age/height must use approved car seats in most countries. Rental companies rent these for ~$10–15/day — book ahead as supply is limited.

Emergency equipment

France: warning triangle + hi-vis vest mandatory. Spain: 2 warning triangles. Germany: warning triangle + first aid kit. Check the required kit for each country you'll enter.

Driving on left

Countries driving on the LEFT: UK, Ireland, Australia, NZ, Japan, India, South Africa, Thailand, Indonesia, Hong Kong, Barbados, Malta, Kenya, Zambia, Zimbabwe.

Switching to Left-Side Driving? Here's How

1

Give yourself an extra hour on the first driving day to adjust — choose a quiet route.

2

The driver always sits closest to the centre of the road — that's your memory cue.

3

Roundabouts go the opposite direction: clockwise in left-drive countries.

4

Gear shifting with your left hand feels awkward at first — automate is recommended.

5

Wipers and indicators are usually swapped — expect to wipe windows when turning.

6

Passenger-side mirrors feel dangerously close to the curb — resist hugging the centre line.

IDP Questions Answered

Emergency Numbers for Drivers Abroad

112

Europe (all)

Police, fire, ambulance

911

USA / Canada

Police, fire, ambulance

999

UK

Police, fire, ambulance

000

Australia

Police, fire, ambulance

110 / 119

Japan

Police / Fire & ambulance

111

NZ

Police, fire, ambulance

100 / 108

India

Police / Ambulance

10111 / 112

South Africa

Police / Emergency

Disclaimer: Laws and license requirements change frequently. Always verify current requirements with the official government website of your destination country, your car rental company, and your home country's automobile association before travel. This guide is for general planning purposes only.

Planning a Road Trip?

Use the NostosRoute trip planner to get full cost breakdowns, transport options, and itineraries for any destination — whether you're driving or flying.